How to Know when Your Child Is Lying

Children’s lying evolves with their age, often beginning with simple and obvious lies and gradually becoming more sophisticated. They may lie to win an argument with a sibling, get out of doing their homework or deal with a difficult situation. You can tell if your child is lying by observing their body language, listening to the nuances of dialogue and using your emotional intelligence.^[1] Responding to your child's lies with an emotionally mature attitude will help to provide them with a good model for future behavior and improve your relationship with them moving forward.^[2]

EditSteps

EditObserving Body Language

1. Notice the quality of eye contact. Your child may be lying if they avoid eye contact altogether or maintain unusual eye contact. If your child is younger, they will probably avoid all eye contact. If they are a little older and more sophisticated, they may make a point of maintaining eye contact for a long time, with wide eyes or an unusual expression.^[3]
   
   • If they blink a lot while trying to maintain eye contact, it could be a sign of lying.^[4]
2. Observe brief facial expressions. Your child may express very brief moments of fear, anger, sadness, surprise or despair while lying, which are sometimes called microexpressions. This occurs when someone is consciously trying to hide how they are feeling. You have to watch carefully to see these brief expressions of emotion, which sometimes last less than a second. See if you can discern any of the following emotions in their face while they are talking. If the emotion is at odds with what they are saying or seems out of place, it could indicate a lie:^[5]
   
   • Surprise may be expressed with raised and curved brows, horizontal wrinkles on the forehead, eyelids open and the jaw dropped open.
   • Fear may be expressed with the brows raised and drawn together, wrinkles in the center of the forehead, whiteness in the upper eye showing, and the mouth open with tensed lips.
   • Sadness can be seen when the child is looking downwards, the upper eyelids are dropped, the cheeks are raised upwards, and the corners of the lip are turned down.^[6]
3. See if they are constantly fidgeting. If your child is unable to stay still while telling you their version of the story, it could indicate a lie. For instance, if you notice doing any of the following fidgeting behaviors, it is a warning sign: ^[7]
   
   • Constantly moving their hands.
   • Shifting in their seat.
   • Shuffling their feet back and forth.
4. Look for facial cues and touching. Studies have found a correlation between certain facial cues lying.^[8] See if your child bites their lip while talking to you. They may also lick their lips, which could also indicate a lie. If they touch their nose, face or head while talking, it could also indicate a lie.^[9]
   
5. Look for strange gestures. See if your child is holding their hands behind their back, or constantly shifting their feet or hands. Bodily gestures are a common giveaway of deceit in both children and adults. It could be as simple as your child holding their hands behind their back.^[10] Look for any of the following signs:^[11]
   
   • Scratching their body while talking
   • Moving their fingers without their arms and for no reason
   • Strange movements, shakes or nods of the head
   • Shuffling or shifting of the feet and legs
   • Shifting position in their seat

EditListening to Language and Emotion

1. Listen to pitch. If their tone of voice or pitch goes up, it is often a sign of discomfort due to fear, anxiety or other difficult emotions. This is a telltale sign of lying. It may be a sign that your child feels very uncomfortable and has a sense that they are being forced to lie for some reason.^[12]
   
2. See if they repeat the question. If your child repeats a question that you ask them, they may be trying to buy more time to come up with a lie. For instance, if you ask what they did at school today and they repeat the question, there could be something they do not want to report.^[13]
   
3. Notice if they get evasive. If your child avoids responding directly to a simple question, they could be trying to avoid having to lie. For instance, if they bring up a completely different subject in response to the question, they may be trying to avoid responding to the question. If you ask again and they offer a strange answer, it could be a lie.^[14]
   
4. Avoid taking an investigative approach. It is important to maintain a trusting, loving relationship with your child to decrease the chances that they will lie to you. You should avoid asking your child directly about the lie or pressuring your child for the truth of what happened. An investigative approach can lead to evasiveness and may not encourage your child to be more truthful.^[15] Instead, tell stories that encourage truth telling, such as ‘the boy who cried wolf’, and model the behavior you expect from your child. ^[16]
   
   • You can find a version of the children's story, 'the boy who cried wolf', here: http://ift.tt/1q1ST7t
   • For example, you should avoid using an accusatory tone when asking questions like, "tell me, are you lying right now?"
5. Listen for emphatic statements in sibling rivalries. In order to assert themselves with siblings, you children will often lie in order to get their way in an argument. If your child is making a statement in disagreement with a sibling, they may be lying in order to win a power struggle.^[17]
   
   • If your child repeatedly says “no” in response to any question about an event or situation, they may be lying.
   • If your younger child has been fighting with an older sibling, they may be lying in order to assert themselves in the relationship.
6. Pay attention to how their lying changes with age. As your children develop, they will evolve in their relationship to lying and the truth. Whereas lying is often very obvious with younger children, it can get more sophisticated as they grow up. In older children, lying is often more accompanied by guilt. Listen and respond in accordance with their age and maturity:^[18]
   
   • If your two-year-old is lying in a disagreement with a sibling, you could try expressing doubt in response to their lie so they know that you see their lie. For instance, if they claim that they did not eat a brownie, you could say, “That’s curious, why do I see chocolate all over your face.”
   • If your four-year-old is lying, you should use it as an opportunity to explain why lying is not okay in your household.
   • If your child is between five and eight, they may lie to avoid homework or otherwise reduce the pressures of increasing responsibility at school or at home. You should try to praise good behavior and talk openly about the importance of telling the truth.
   • If your child is between nine and twelve, you may notice they will experience more guilt when they lie. You should have longer and more open conversations about lying and truthfulness.

EditSources and Citations

Cite error: <ref> tags exist, but no <references/> tag was found

source How to of the Day http://ift.tt/2toLpVJ

How to Treat Hot Spots in Dogs

A hot spot, or what veterinarians term "acute moist dermatitis," is a painful and inflamed area of the skin that is often accompanied by discharge and a bad odor. Hot spots occur via allergic reactions to bacterial skin infections often caused by a lesion or wound. Skin breaks, lesions, and wounds can have a variety of causes, including flea bites, scratches, scrapes or nicks, anal gland problems, and underlying allergies. Dogs often itch and scratch skin breaks and wounds to such an extent that wet scabs form on the fur.^[1] Hot spots can be painful for dogs and can become very large quite quickly. It is important to seek prompt and adequate treatment if you notice a hot spot on your dog.^[2]

EditSteps

EditIdentifying Hot Spots

1. Watch your dog. Notice if your dog scratches or licks a particular spot constantly. This is usually a sign that he is suffering from some sort of skin irritation.
   
2. Part and inspect your dog's fur. Examine more closely the problem area you have identified. Hot spots can be difficult to see with the naked eye because they tend to spread under the cover of the dog's fur. Usually by the time you notice them, hot spots are well established and growing rapidly. ^[3]
   
3. Identify that you are dealing with a hot spot. Hot spots are red, moist, hot and irritated rashes. Other identifiers of hot spots include discharge and an unpleasant odor.^[4]
   
   • Hot spots are most commonly found on a dog's head, hip or chest area.
   • Dogs with long hair and thick coats are most commonly affected.
   • Dogs who are not groomed regularly and have matted coats are also prone to developing hot spots, as are dogs who swim or are frequently in the rain.^[5]
   • Dogs with hip dysplasia or anal sac disease are also more likely to suffer from hot spots because they tend to lick the skin on their hind end.^[6]
4. Check areas surrounding the hot spot. If you do identify a hot spot, take some time to carefully check the rest of the dog’s skin. Part the fur in the area surrounding the hot spot and examine for any other moist or reddened areas. All spots need to be treated immediately and, if possible, you should try to ascertain the underlying cause of the hot spot (flea bite, scratch, allergy, etc.).^[7]
   
5. Contact your vet. If this is your dog's first hot spot, seeing a vet is crucial. Your vet can give you an accurate diagnosis and develop an appropriate treatment plan.^[8]
   

EditCleaning the Affected Area

1. Trim or clip the hair from the surface of the hot spot. Exposing the hot spot to air will dry out the moisture and help speed up the healing process. Be careful not to pull the hair, irritate the skin or cut your dog's skin.^[9]
   
   • Disinfect your scissors or clippers before clipping. In cases where there is a lot of discharge emerging from the hot spot, you will need to clean your clippers frequently while removing hair. Otherwise, the clippers will become plugged with debris. Remember to clean and disinfect the instrument after use.^[10]
   • Have your dog sit or lie down for this process. Get a second person if you need help keeping the dog still.
   • To avoid accidentally cutting your dog's skin, don't cut too close to the skin itself and instead leave a quarter inch of stubble.^[11]
   • If the affected area is too large, shave it.^[12]
2. Clean the wound. Use an antimicrobial shampoo that you can purchase at a vet's office or a pharmacy for humans.^[13]
   
   • A good product will contain chlorhexidine as an ingredient.^[14]
   • You can also clean the area with a mild, water-based astringent or antiseptic spray.^[15]
   • Consult your veterinarian before use of any product on a hot spot.^[16]
3. Leave the antimicrobial shampoo on the dog for 10 minutes. This will allow the medication in the shampoo to settle into the affected area and begin working. Rinse thoroughly after 10 minutes and dry the affected area completely.^[17]
   
   • If using an alternative solution, read and follow the accompanying instructions on how to apply.
4. Apply an antibiotic ointment or spray. Your vet will usually prescribe a topical medication, such as a Gentamicin or Betamethasone spray. Your vet may also recommend oral antibiotics, depending on the situation.^[18]
   
   • You can apply an antibiotic treatment on the wound up to three times per day.^[19]
5. Keep the area dry. The air will help the wound heal more effectively, whereas more moisture will facilitate the wound's growth.
   
   • Keep in mind that hot spots can't be covered with a bandage because this traps moisture in and thereby worsens the wound.^[20]
6. Inspect the wound twice daily. If there is a buildup of discharge, repeat the shampoo process (shampoo, rinse, dry) to keep the wound clean.^[21]
   
7. Check the dog’s entire body for any new or developing hot spots. This check should be done daily, particularly if it is hot or humid out.
   

EditPreventing Further Injury

1. Stop the itch. Hydrocortisone spray and Benadryl tablets work well. The appropriate dosage is 1 tablet per 50 pounds.
   
   • Your vet may also prescribe steroids. Steroids work well for severe spots, but may cause side effects and can be harmful in the long-term. In addition, if the steroid is stopped before the spot is completely gone, the hot spot may come back and be worse than before.
   • Avoid using creams on the hot spot. Creams keep moisture in the area, and the spot needs to dry completely before it can heal.
2. Use an Elizabethan collar if your dog keeps licking or biting the lesions. The cone-shaped collar will restrain your dog's reach, making him unable to further irritate the wound.^[22]
   
   • An Elizabethan collar should not be used as the sole means of treatment for hot spots. Collars don't treat the hot spots but prevent your dog from making the lesions more severe. Untreated lesions will only grow and become more serious, in addition to being painful for your dog.^[23]
   • You can wrap a sock around one of the dog's rear feet and tape it into place if the hot spot can be scratched by a rear foot.
3. Trim your dog's toe nails. This keeps your dog from having a ready way to scratch the area and spread the infected discharge.^[24]
   

EditTips

• Prevent hot spots. Make sure your dog is regularly groomed and that his hair is clipped short, particularly during the warm seasons. Be sure as well to follow a flea control program as advised by your vet. As a general rule, promptly treat any scratches, nicks or cuts and inspect them daily until they are fully treated.^[25]
• A number of conditions can cause a dog to develop a hot spot, but you can try to mitigate these conditions. For example, if your dog has a particular allergy or a food sensitivity, work with your veterinarian to decrease symptoms and flare ups.^[26]

EditWarnings

• It's a good practice to have your vet diagnose any and all skin rashes, abnormalities or wounds on your dog.
• In severe cases, hot spots can do serious damage to the skin of a dog. Though scarring is rare, it can sometimes be a consequence of hot spots.^[27]

EditRelated wikiHows

• Identify Mange on Dogs
• Clean a Dog's Water or Food Dish
• Keep a Dog From Throwing Up
• Get Rid of Tapeworms in Your Pets
• Get Rid of a Rash on a Dog

EditSources and Citations

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source How to of the Day http://ift.tt/2sk6NLO

How to Make Chocolate Covered Brownie Bites

Brownie bites are a fun bite-sized snack you can serve at a party or social event. To make brownie bites, you will need to make a basic brownie batter. After baking your brownies, cut them into small squares, chill them, and dip them into chocolate. You can then decorate them with sprinkles, nuts, glitter confectioners sugar, or any other ingredients you want.

EditIngredients

• 1/2 cup unsalted butter
• 8 ounces bittersweet chocolate, coarsely chopped
• 1 and 1/4 cups granulated sugar
• 3 large eggs
• 1 teaspoon vanilla extract
• 3/4 cup all-purpose flour
• 1/4 teaspoon salt
• 8 ounces semi-sweet chocolate
• Nuts, sprinkles, confectioners, glitter confectioners sugar, and any other decorative ingredients (optional)

EditSteps

EditMaking the Batter

1. Melt the butter and chocolate. You should melt the butter and chocolate in a pot over the stove. Use a heavy sauce pan and melt the butter and chocolate over medium-high heat. Watch the pot closely to make sure nothing burns.^[1]
   
   • It's a good idea to remove the butter while it's still somewhat solid. Butter can burn easily. If the chocolate is melted and there is still a small chunk of butter that is solid, remove the pan from the heat. Mix everything together until the butter melts as well.
   • After melting, allow your butter and chocolate mixture to cool off until it reaches room temperature. This should take about 15 minutes.^[2]
2. Stir in the sugar. Once the butter and chocolate mixture is cool, add your sugar. Use a mixing spoon to stir in the sugar. Keep stirring until you have an even mixture.^[3]
   
3. Whisk in the eggs and vanilla. Start with the eggs, adding them one at a time. Use a wire whisk to gently whisk each egg into the batter until the mixture is smooth and even. Once the eggs are added, whisk in the vanilla.^[4]
   
4. Fold in the flour and salt. To fold in the ingredients, add the flour and salt to the top of the butter mixture. From there, use a rubber spatula. Starting at the back of the bowl, cut a vertical line through the ingredients across the bottom of the bowl.^[5]
   
   • Rotate the bowl a quarter of a circle and cut another vertical line using your spatula. Continue this pattern. Eventually, the ingredients should all mix together evenly.

EditBaking Your Brownies

1. Prepare your baking pan. Take an 11 by 7 inch baking pan (approximately 28 by 18 centimeters). Spray with a non-stick baking spray. Then, pour your brownie batter into the pan using a spatula or spoon.^[6]
   
2. Bake your brownies. Brownies should be baked at 350 degrees Fahrenheit (about 178 degrees Celsius). The brownies should bake for about 35 minutes.^[7]
   
   • Check to make sure your brownies are done before removing them from the oven. To do this, stick a toothpick in the center of the brownies. It should come out clean. If there is batter on it, bake the brownies for a few more minutes.
3. Allow your brownies to cool. After removing them from the oven, set the brownies aside for an hour or so. You want them to cool completely before proceeding.
   
4. Cut your brownies. There is no precise size to cut your brownie bites. It depends on personal preference. Use a knife to cut the brownies into bite-sized portions. You can do this by cutting vertical lines through the brownies, followed by horizontal lines.^[8]
   
   • For the cleanest cuts, use a cold knife. You can put a butter knife in the refrigerator for an hour, for example, and then use it to cut the brownies.
5. Chill your brownie bites. Set your brownie bits in a refrigerator. You should let them chill for at least an hour. This way, they will be solid enough to dip in your chocolate mixture.^[9]
   
   • As the brownie bits will not be in the fridge for long, it's okay to put them in uncovered. However, you can put aluminum or plastic covering over the brownie bits if you want.

EditFrosting and Decorating the Brownie Bites

1. Melt your chocolate. Place your chocolate squares in a microwave safe bowl. Place them in a microwave for 30 seconds. Then remove them and stir. Keep microwaving the chocolate in 30 second intervals until it's completely melted.^[10]
   
2. Dip your brownies in the chocolate. Remove the brownie bites from the refrigerator. Dip them into your chocolate mixture one at a time.^[11]
   
3. Decorate the brownie bites. You can decorate the brownies as desired after dipping them in the chocolate. You can add decorative sprinkles or sparkling sugar, for example.^[12]
   
   • If there is a special occasion, decorate the brownie bites to reflect this. For example, you can use red and green sprinkles for Christmas or pink sprinkles for Valentine's Day.
   • If you're making the brownie bites for a friend, use decorations they would like. If you're making them for a child's birthday party, for example, glittery sugar may be appropriate.
4. Chill your brownie bites. After the brownie bites have been dipped in chocolate and decorated, place them in refrigerator again. Chill them until the chocolate hardens. How long this will take depends on the precise coolness of your refrigerator, but it generally takes around 20 minutes.^[13]
   
5. Store your brownie bites. You should store your brownie bites at room temperature in an airtight container. They should keep for about 3 to 4 days. After this point, you should discard your brownie bites.^[14]
   

EditSources and Citations

Cite error: <ref> tags exist, but no <references/> tag was found

source How to of the Day http://ift.tt/2tmf29T

How to Make Decorative Garden Mushrooms

Mushrooms can lend any garden a certain fairytale or storybook charm, but they can be problematic. Decorative garden mushrooms are a great solution to this. They are easy to make, and come in all sorts of shapes, sizes, and colors. Best of all, you don't have to worry about someone kicking them over or accidentally eating them!

EditSteps

EditUsing Terracotta Pots

1. Choose a terracotta pot and drain plate. The pot will make the stem and the drain plate will make the cap. The plate needs to be a 3 to 5 inches (7.62 to 12.7 centimeters) wider than the pot, so don't choose the matching size—go a few sizes larger.^[1]
   
2. Spray paint the outside of the pot white or off-white. If you need to apply more coats, let each coat dry before applying the next. It will take about 15 to 20 minutes for the paint to dry enough for a second coat.^[2]
   
   • You do not need to paint the bottom of the pot.
3. Spray paint the bottom of the plate a bright color. Flip the plate over so that the back is facing you. Spray paint it a bright, contrasting color. Red is the most popular choice, but you can also do pink, purple, or even turquoise. Once again, if you need to do more than one coat, let the paint dry first.^[3]
   
   • The top part of the plate won't be visible so you don't have to paint it.
4. Add white spots to the mushroom cap using acrylic paint. You can paint the spots on using a paintbrush or a round, foam pouncer. You may need 2 to 3 coats of paint for this. If this is the case, allow each coat to dry first.^[4]
   
5. Allow the paint to dry fully before sealing it. Just because the paint feel dry doesn't mean it is ready to be sealed; some types of paint require curing times as well. Check the label for more complete drying times as each brand is different. Once the paint is dry, give the pot and plate a few coats of a clear sealer.^[5]
   
   • Choose a clear, outdoor sealer in either glossy or matte.
   • Allow the sealer to fully dry and cure.
6. Assemble the mushroom. Turn the pot upside down so that the bottom is sticking up. Coat it with epoxy or waterproof outdoor glue. Place the plate, painted side up, down on top of it. Make sure that it is centered.^[6]
   
7. Allow the glue to cure before moving your mushroom outside. This can take a few hours to several days. When moving you mushroom, hold it by the stem—do not grab it by the cap.
   

EditUsing a Bowl and Log

1. Choose a stainless steel bowl and clean it. Wipe the bowl down using window cleaner, household cleaner, or rubbing alcohol. You can also wash it with soap and water. Focus on the outside of the bowl, as that is the part you will be painting. You want the bowl to be free of any residual oils.^[7]
   
   • You can also use a wooden bowl instead.^[8]
2. Buff the bowl using fine-grit sandpaper. This will give the bowl some tooth and help the paint stick better. You want to lightly buff the bowl without scratching it.^[9] When you are done, wipe away any dust with a damp cloth.
   
3. Drill two holes in the top of the bowl. Flip the bowl over so that the bottom is facing you. Use a drill to make two holes in the center of the bowl. You will be using these to attach the bowl later.^[10]
   
   • The holes need to be the same size as your screws.
4. Apply two coats of outdoor spray paint, letting each coat dry in between. Red is the most popular and recognizable color, but you can use another color for your mushroom if you prefer.^[11]
   
   • You only need to paint the outside of the bowl, since you won't see the inside when you are done.
   • Don't forget to paint the tops of the screws as well.
5. Add some white spots with acrylic paint. Apply the spots using a paint brush or a round, foam pouncer. If you need to apply a second coat, let the paint dry first before doing so.^[12]
   
6. Let the paint dry completely before sealing it. Just because the paint feels dry does not necessarily mean that it is ready. Check the label on your can of paint, and see if there is a curing time. Once the paint has fully dried and cured. apply a coat of clear, outdoor-quality sealer.^[13]
   
   • The sealer can be glossy or matte; this is up to you!
   • You need to let the paint dry completely before sealing it. If you don't, the paint may warp.
7. Choose a log for the stem. The log should be about twice the height of your bowl. It needs to be about the same width as the base of you bowl. Birch logs wok especially well for this because of their white bark. If you are using a different type of log, consider painting it white, and then sealing it with your clear sealer.
   
8. Mark the screw holes on the log. Place the bowl on top of the log so that the bottom is facing you. Use a pen or pencil to make marks in the middle of each screw hole. Lift the bowl away when you are done.^[14]
   
9. Drill the holes in the log. Make sure that the holes are wide and deep enough for your screws to fit into. When you are done, gently blow away any sawdust.
   
10. Screw the bowl onto the log. Place the lid back onto the log so that the bottom is facing you. Insert the screws through the holes in the lid. Screw them into the log using your drill. Try to get the screws as tight as you can so that the bowl doesn't bottle.^[15]
    
11. Set the mushroom out in your garden. If the drilling ruined the paintwork, touch it up with a small paintbrush and a matching paint color.
    

EditUsing Cement

1. Coat the inside of a small plastic bowl with oil. You can use any type of oil you want. The oil is simply there to make de-molding the mushroom cap easier.^[16]
   
   • If you can't find a plastic bowl in the right shape and size, you can use a different material. Plastic is easier to use because of how flexible it is.
2. Cut the bottom out of a plastic cup. This will eventually make the stem, so make sure that the shape and size suits the cap.^[17] If the cup is too small for the bowl, try a different container, such as a tall yogurt container.
   
   • The cups that you get iced coffee in are great for this!
3. Mix your cement. Every brand will be a little different, so follow the instructions on the package. Ideally, it should have a slushy-like consistency.^[18]
   
   • Make sure that you mix enough to fill both the bowl and the cup.
4. Fill the bowl with cement. You can use your trowel to smooth it down, or you can leave it rough for a more organic look.^[19] Gently tap the bowl to remove any air bubbles.^[20]
   
5. Insert the cup cut-side-down into the bowl. Make sure that the cup is centered and straight. The wider part of the cup should be facing you.^[21]
   
6. Fill the cup with more cement. Use your trowel to smooth the cement down. This will help the mushroom stand upright.^[22] Once again, gently tap the cup to remove any air bubbles.
   
   • If you will be using this mushroom on a lawn, consider pushing a galvanized steel nail into the stem. This way, the nail will stick into the lawn and help anchor the mushroom.^[23]
7. Wait for the cement to set. How long this takes depends on the type of cement you are using, how big your mushroom is, and the weather conditions in your area.
   
8. Tip the mushroom out of the bowl, then cut the plastic cup off. Use a craft blade to cut straight down the plastic cup first. Then, cut around the top edge of the stem, where the stem meets the mushroom cap. Carefully pull the plastic cup off. Part of the plastic cup will remain embedded in the cement, which is fine.^[24]
   
9. Paint the mushroom. Paint the stem and the underside of the mushroom cap white. Next, paint the cap a bright color. Let the paint dry, then add white spots onto the cap. Let the paint dry again, then seal the paint using a clear, outdoor sealer.
   
   • If you need to apply more coats of paint, allow the first one to dry completely.
   • Turn it into a mosaic mushroom by attaching glass gems to the cap using tile adhesive, then filling the gaps with grout. Wipe the grout away with a damp cloth before it dries.^[25]

EditTips

• You do not need to add spots to your mushroom, but it will make it more recognizable.
• Typical toadstools are red with white spots, but you can make yours any color you want.
• Consider painting the underside of the mushroom cap white, and then adding some streaks to it in grey or tan.
• It is better to apply many thin coats of paint rather than one thick one.
• Consider making some mini clay mushrooms for a fairy garden!

EditWarnings

• Make sure that you use the spray paint in a well-ventilated area.

EditThings You'll Need

EditUsing Terracotta Pots

• Terracotta pot
• Terracotta drain plate
• White spray paint
• Brightly-colored spray paint
• White acrylic paint
• Paintbrush or round, foam pouncer
• Clear, outdoor sealer
• Epoxy or waterproof outdoor glue

EditUsing a Bowl and Log

• Bowl
• Red spray paint
• White acrylic paint
• Paintbrush or round, foam pouncer
• Clear, outdoor sealer
• Drill
• Log
• Screws

EditUsing Cement

• Plastic bowl and cup
• Cement
• Trowel
• Mixing container
• Oil
• Paint and paintbrush
• Clear, outdoor sealer
• Galvanized steel nail (optional)

EditSources and Citations

Cite error: <ref> tags exist, but no <references/> tag was found

source How to of the Day http://ift.tt/2tYg1e1